risk assessments

Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)

Risk Assessments
Risk assessments for species beginning with the letter "A":

Information on Risk Assessments

Scientific Name Family Common name Risk assessment Country or Area Score Recommendation

Abelia x grandiflora

Caprifoliaceae

glossy abelia

Assessment

Pacific

-13

low risk

Abelmoschus manihot Malvaceae manioc hibiscus Assessment Pacific 1 low risk*

Abies fraseri Pinaceae Fraser fir Assessment Pacific 3 evaluate

Abies grandis Pinaceae grand fir Assessment Pacific 1 evaluate

Abies guatemalensis Pinaceae Guatemalan Fir Assessment Pacific -2 low risk

Abies nordmanniana Pinaceae Nordmann fir Assessment Pacific 2 evaluate

Abies procera Pinaceae noble fir Assessment Pacific 1 evaluate

Abies religiosa Pinaceae sacred fir Assessment Pacific -2 low risk

Abrus precatorius Fabaceae rosary pea Assessment U.S. (Florida) 16 reject

Abutilon grandifolium Malvaceae Hairy abutilon Assessment Pacific 6 low risk*

Abutilon megapotamicum Malvaceae trailing abutilon Assessment U.S. (Florida) 2 evaluate

Abutilon hirtum Malvaceae Florida Keys Indian mallow Assessment U.S. (Florida) 5 reject*

Abutilon theophrasti Malvaceae velvet leaf Assessment Australia 15 reject

Acacia auriculiformis Fabaceae earleaf acacia Assessment Pacific 13 high risk

Acacia cochliacantha Fabaceae boat thorn acacia Assessment Pacific 10 high risk

Acacia confusa Fabaceae Formosan koa Assessment Pacific 10 high risk

Acacia crassicarpa

Fabaceae

northern wattle

Assessment

Pacific

7

high risk

Acacia dealbata Fabaceae silver wattle Assessment Pacific 22 high risk

Acacia farnesiana Fabaceae fragrant acacia Assessment Pacific 14 high risk

Acacia holosericea Fabaceae candelabra wattle Assessment Pacific 4 evaluate

Acacia insuavis Fabaceae pak la Assessment Pacific 5 evaluate

Acacia longifolia Fabaceae Sydney golden wattle Assessment Pacific 10 high risk

Acacia mangium Fabaceae mangium Assessment Pacific 8 high risk

Acacia mearnsii Fabaceae black wattle Assessment Pacific 15 high risk

Acacia melanoxylon Fabaceae blackwood acacia Assessment Pacific 12 high risk

Acacia nilotica Fabaceae black thorn Assessment Australia 13 reject

Acacia nilotica Fabaceae black thorn Assessment Pacific 14 high risk

Acacia nilotica Fabaceae black thorn Assessment United States medium-high risk

Acacia parramattensis

Fabaceae

Parramatta green wattle

Assessment

Pacific

9

high risk

Acacia podalyriifolia Fabaceae Queensland silver wattle Assessment Pacific 12 high risk

Acacia pycnantha Fabaceae broadleaf wattle Assessment Pacific 16 high risk

Accacia retinodes
Fabaceae
water wattle Assessment
Pacific
8
high risk

Acacia robusta Fabaceae splendid acacia Assessment Pacific 7 high risk

Acacia saligna Fabaceae Port Jackson wattle Assessment Pacific 17 high risk

Acca sellowiana Myrtaceae pineapple guava Assessment Pacific 5 evaluate

Acca sellowiana Myrtaceae pineapple guava Assessment U.S. (Florida) 5 evaluate

Acacia stenophylla Fabaceae river cooba
Assessment

Pacific
-2 low risk*

Acalypha godseffiana

Euphorbiaceae

acalypha

Assessment

Pacific

-7

low risk

Acalypha hispida

Euphorbiaceae

chenille plant

Assessment

Pacific

2

low risk*

Acalypha setosa Euphorbiaceae Cuban copperleaf Assessment U.S. (Florida) 0 accept

Acalypha siamensis Euphorbiaceae wild tea Assessment U.S. (Florida) 3 accept*

Acalypha wilkesiana

Euphorbiaceae

beefsteak plant

Assessment

Pacific

-2

low risk

Acer rubrum Aceraceae red maple Assessment Pacific 8 high risk

Achillea millefolium Asteraceae common yarrow Assessment Pacific 19 high risk

Acmella grandiflora Asteraceae Acmella Assessment Pacific 0 low risk

Acnistus arborescens Solanaceae hollowheart Assessment Pacific 2 evaluate

Acoelorraphe wrightii

Arecaceae

Everglades palm

Assessment

Pacific

2

evaluate

Acokanthera schimperi Apocynaceae common-poisonbush Assessment Pacific 6 evaluate

Acrocomia aculeata Arecaceae coyoli palm Assessment Pacific 5 low risk*

Actinidia polygama Actinidiaceae silvervine Assessment Pacific 2 evaluate

Actinorhytis calapparia Arecaceae calappa palm Assessment Pacific 1 evaluate

Adansonia digitata

Bombacaceae

baobab tree

Assessment

Pacific

-6

low risk

Adansonia rubrostipa Bombacaceae fony baobab Assessment U.S. (Florida) -7 accept

Adansonia suarezensis Bombacaceae Suarez baobab Assessment U.S. (Florida) -7 accept

Adenanthera pavonina Fabaceae red bead tree Assessment Pacific 7 high risk

Adiantopsis chlorophylla Pteridaceae Assessment U.S. (Florida) 2 accept*

Adiantum raddianum Pteridaceae delta maidenhair Assessment Pacific 15 high risk

Adiantum thalictroides Pteridaceae meadow-rue maidenhair fern Assessment U.S. (Florida) 4 accept*

Adenium obesum

Apocynaceae

desert rose

Assessment

Pacific

-8

low risk

Aechmea blanchetiana Bromeliaceae orange blanchetiana Assessment Pacific 0 low risk

Aechmea fasciata Bromeliaceae urn plant Assessment Pacific 2 low risk*

Aegle marmelos Rutaceae Bengal quince Assessment Pacific 4 evaluate

Aeschynomene americana Fabaceae American joint vetch Assessment Pacific 12 high risk

Aesculus californica Hippocastanaceae California buckeye Assessment Pacific 0 low risk

Afrocarpus falcatus Podpcar[aceae bastard yellow wood Assessment Pacific 0 low risk

Agapanthus africanus Liliaceae lily of the Nile Assessment Pacific 2.5 low risk*

Agapanthus praecox Liliaceae common Agapanthus Assessment Pacific 12 high risk

Agathis robusta

Araucariaceae

Queensland kauri

Assessment

Pacific

-5

low risk

Agave americana Agavaceae American century plant Assessment Pacific 12 high risk

Agave americana Agavaceae century plant Assessment U.S. (Florida) 14 reject

Agave filifera Agavaceae thread-leaf agave Assessment U.S. (Florida) -1 accept

Ageratina riparia Asteraceae mistflower Assessment Australia 26 reject

Ageratina riparia Asteraceae mistflower Assessment United States medium-high risk

Aglaia odorata
Meliaceae
Chinese perfume plant

Assessment

Pacific

-4

low risk

Aglaonema commutatum

Araceae

Aglaonema

Assessment

Pacific

1

low risk*

Aglaonema nitidum

Araceae

Aglaonema

Assessment

Pacific

0

low risk

Agonis flexuosa Myrtaceae willow myrtle Assessment Pacific 7 high risk

Agrostemma githago Caryophyllaceae common corncockle Assessment U.S. (Florida) 9 reject

Agrostis stolonifera Poaceae carpet bentgrass Assessment Pacific 19 high risk

Ailanthus altissima Simaroubaceae tree of heaven Assessment Australia 12 reject

Ailanthus altissima Simaroubaceae tree of heaven Assessment Pacific 21 high risk

Aiphanes horrida Arecaceae ruffle palm Assessment Pacific 7 high risk

Aira caryophyllea Poaceae silver hairgrass Assessment U.S. (Florida) 9 reject

Ajania pacifica Asteraceae ajania Assessment Pacific 1 low risk*

Ajuga reptans Lamiaceae common bugleweed Assessment Pacific 11 high risk

Albizia adianthifolia Fabaceae West African albizzia Assessment Pacific 9 high risk

Albizia chinensis

Fabaceae

Chinese albizia

Assessment

Pacific

8

high risk

Albizia guachepele Fabaceae chime tree Assessment Pacific -4 low risk

Albizia julibrissin Fabaceae pink sirus Assessment Pacific 18 high risk

Albizia julibrissin Fabaceae momosa Assessment U.S. (Florida) 21 reject

Albizia lebbeck Fabaceae woman's-tongue tree Assessment Australia 4 more information

Albizia lebbeck Fabaceae woman's-tongue tree Assessment Pacific 7 high risk

Albizia niopoides Fabaceae Caribbean albizia Assessment Pacific 6 evaluate

Aleurites moluccana Euphorbiaceae candlenut tree Assessment Pacific 12 high risk

Aleurites moluccana Euphorbiaceae candlenut tree Assessment U.S. (Florida) 3 evaluate

Allamanda blanchetii Apocynaceae purple allamanda Assessment Pacific 6 evaluate

Allamanda cathartica Apocynaceae golden trumpet Allamanda Assessment Pacific 8 high risk

Allamanda cathartica Apocynaceae golden trumpet Allamanda Assessment U.S. (Florida) 12 reject

Allamanda schottii ynaceae bush allamanda Assessment Pacific 8 high risk

Allamanda schottii Apocynaceae bush allamanda Assessment U.S. (Florida) 7 reject

Allium sativum Liliaceae garlic Assessment Pacific -4 low risk

Allocasuarina verticillata

Casuarinaceae

drooping she oak

Assessment

Pacific

-5

low risk

Allogoptera arenaria Arecaceae seashore palm Assessment Pacific 2 evaluate

Allophylus cobbe Sapindaceae wild berry Assessment Pacific 9 high risk

Alloxylon flammeum Proteaceae tree waratah Assessment U.S. (Florida) -2 accept

Alluaudia procera Didiereaceae Madagascar ocotillo
Assessment
Pacific -7 low risk

Alnus nepalensis
Betulaceae
Nepalese alder

Assessment

Pacific

-2

low risk

Alocasia cucullata Araceae dwarf elephant ear Assessment Pacific 9 high risk

Alocasia sanderiana

Araceae

Kris plant

Assessment

Pacific

-2

low risk

Aloysia citrodora Verbenaceae lemon verbena Assessment Pacific 0 low risk

Alphitonia zizyphoides
Rhamnaceae
toi

Assessment

Pacific

0

low risk

Alpinia purpurata Zingiberaceae red ginger Assessment Pacific 4 evaluate

Alpinia zerumbet Zingiberaceae shell ginger Assessment Pacific 10 high risk

Alpinia zerumbet Zingiberaceae shell ginger Assessment U.S. (Florida) 5 accept*

Alstonia macrophylla Apocynaceae deviltree Assessment Pacific 9 high risk

Alstonia scholaris Apocynaceae scholar tree Assessment Pacific 3 evaluate

Alternanthera brasiliana Amaranthaceae Brazilian joyweed Assessment U.S. (Florida) 13 reject

Alternanthera paronichyoides Amaranthaceae smooth joyweed Assessment U.S. (Florida) 6 accept*

Alternanthera philoxeroides Amaranthaceae alligator weed Assessment Australia 22 reject

Alternanthera pungens Amaranthaceae khaki weed Assessment Australia 17 reject

Alyogyne huegelii Malvaceae lilac hibiscus Assessment Pacific 0 low risk

Alysicarpus vaginalis Fabaceae alyce clover Assessment Australia 5 evaluate

Ambrosia psilostachya Asteraceae western ragweed Assessment Pacific 15 high risk

Amaranthus dubius Amaranthaceae southern pigweed Assessment Australia 14 reject

Amaranthus palmeri Amaranthaceae Palmer's amaranth Assessment U.S. (Florida) 11 reject

Amaranthus spinosus Amaranthaceae spiny amaranth Assessment U.S. (Florida) 18 reject

Amaranthus tricolor Amaranthaceae Chinese amaranth Assessment Pacific 14 high risk

Amherstia nobilis Fabaceae pride of Burma Assessment Pacific -8 low risk

Amorphophallus lambii Araceae Assessment U.S. (Florida) 2 accept*

Anacardium occidentale Anacardiaceae cashew Assessment Pacific 0 low risk

Andira inermis

Fabaceae

cabbage tree

Assessment

Pacific

-3

low risk

Andropogon bicornis Poaceae West Indian foxtail grass Assessment Pacific 18 high risk

Andropogon gayanus Poaceae gamba grass Assessment Australia 8 reject

Andropogon glomeratus Poaceae bushy bluestem Assessment Pacific 14 high risk

Andropogon virginicus Poaceae broomsedge Assessment Australia 13 reject

Andropogon virginicus Poaceae broomsedge Assessment Pacific 20 high risk

Anemone hupehensis Ranunculaceae Japanese anemone Assessment Pacific 8.5 high risk

Angiopteris evecta

Marattiaceae

giant fern

Assessment

Pacific

8

high risk

Anigozanthos flavidus Haemodoraceae Evergreen kangaroo paw Assessment Pacific 12 high risk

Annona cherimola

Annonaceae

cherimoya

Assessment

Pacific

-4

low risk

Annona glabra Annonaceae pond apple Assessment Pacific 10 high risk

Annona macroprophyllata Annonaceae perpauce Assessment Pacific -2 low risk

Annona mucosa Annonaceae wild sweetsop Assessment Pacific -3 low risk

Annona muricata Annonaceae soursop Assessment Pacific -3 low risk

Annona reticulata Annonaceae custard apple Assessment Pacific 11 high risk

Annona squamosa Annonaceae custard apple Assessment Pacific -2 low risk

Anredera cordifolia Basellaceae Madeira-vine Assessment Pacific 20 high risk

Anthocleista grandiflora Gentianaceae forest bigleaf Assessment Pacific 3 evaluate

Anthoxanthum nitens Poaceae vanilla grass Assessment Pacific 4 evaluate

Anthoxanthum odoratum Poaceae sweet vernalgrass Assessment Pacific 11 high risk

Anthurium hookeri

Araceae

birds nest anthurium

Assessment

Pacific

-6

low risk

Antigonon leptopus Polygonaceae coral vine Assessment Pacific 19 high risk

Aphanamixis polystachya Meliaceae pithraj tree Assessment Pacific 3 evaluate

Aphelandra aurantiaca Acanthaceae fiery spike Assessment Pacific -2 low risk

Aphelandra sinclairiana Acanthaceae Sinclair's aphelandra Assessment Pacific -3 low risk

Aptenia cordifolia

Aizoaceae

hearts and flowers

Assessment

Pacific

5

low risk*

Aquilegia caucasica Ranunculaceae Assessment U.S. (Florida) -1 accept

Arachis glabrata

Fabaceae

perennial peanut

Assessment

Pacific

-1

low risk

Arachis glabrata Fabaceae perennial peanut Assessment U.S. (Florida) -11 accept

Arachis hypogaea Fabaceae peanut Assessment Pacific -2 low risk

Arachis pintoi

Fabaceae

perennial peanut

Assessment

Pacific

-1

low risk

Araiostegia pseudocystopteris Davalliaceae Assessment U.S. (Florida) 3 accept*

Araucaria araucana Araucariaceae Chilean pine Assessment Pacific -1 low risk

Araucaria bidwillii Araucariaceae Queensland pine Assessment Pacific 1 low risk*

Araucaria columnaris

Araucariaceae

Cooks pine

Assessment

Pacific

-5

low risk

Araucaria heterophylla

Araucariaceae

Norfolk Island pine

Assessment

Pacific

-5

low risk

Araujia saricifera Apocynaceae bladder flower Assessment Pacific 24 high risk

Archidendron clypearia Fabaceae archidendron Assessment Pacific 3 evaluate

Archontophoenix alexandrae Arecaceae Alexandra palm Assessment Pacific 8 high risk

Archontophoenix cunninghamiana

Arecaceae

king palm

Assessment

Pacific

6

evaluate

Archontophoenix purpurea Arecaceae purple king palm Assessment Pacific 1 evaluate

Archontophoenix tuckeri Arecaceae peach creek palm Assessment Pacific 4 evaluate

Arctotheca calendula (fertile) Asteraceae capeweed Assessment Pacific 24 high risk

Arctotheca calendula (sterile) Asteraceae capeweed Assessment Pacific 8 high risk

Arctotheca calendula Asteraceae capeweed Assessment United States high risk

Ardisia crenata Myrsinaceae Hilo holly Assessment Pacific 10 high risk

Ardisia elliptica Myrsinaceae shoebutton ardisia Assessment Pacific 11 high risk

Ardisia nigrescens Myrsinaceae blossomberry ardisia Assessment U.S. (Florida) -1 accept

Ardisia polysticta Myrsinaceae niu zi guo Assessment Pacific 8 high risk

Ardisia sieboldii Myrsinaceae duo zhi zi jin niu Assessment Pacific 7 high risk

Areca catechu

Arecaceae

betel nut palm

Assessment

Pacific

-4

low risk

Areca ridleyana Arecaceae Assessment U.S. (Florida) 0 accept

Areca triandra Arecaceae Australian areca palm Assessment Pacific 5 evaluate

Areca vestiaria Arecaceae red pinang Assessment Pacific -2 low risk

Arenga pinnata Arecaceae sugar palm Assessment Pacific 7 high risk

Arenga tremula Arecaceae Philippines dwarf sugar palm Assessment Pacific 1 evaluate

Argemone mexicana Papaveraceae Mexican poppy Assessment Australia 18 reject

Argemone mexicana Papaveraceae Mexican poppy Assessment Pacific 22 high risk

Argyreia nervosa

Convolvulaceae

Hawaiian baby woodrose

Assessment

Pacific

1

low risk*

Aristolochia elegans Aristolochiaceae Dutchman's pipe Assessment Australia 13 reject

Aristolochia ringens Aristolochiaceae gaping Dutchman's pipe Assessment Pacific 4 evaluate

Arnebia pulchra Boraginaceae prophet flower Assessment U.S. (Florida) -1 accept

Artabotrys hexapetalus Annonaceae climbing ylang-ylang Assessment Pacific 0 low risk

Arthrostemma ciliatum Melastomataceae pinkfringe Assessment Pacific 7 high risk

Artocarpus altilis

Moraceae

breadfruit

Assessment

Pacific

-12

low risk

Artocarpus heterophyllus

Moraceae

jackfruit

Assessment

Pacific

1

low risk*

Artocarpus heterophyllus Moraceae jackfruit Assessment U.S. (Florida) -1 accept

Artocarpus odoratissimus

Moraceae

marang

Assessment

Pacific

-3

low risk

Artocarpus sericicarpus Moraceae gomihan Assessment Pacific -2 low risk

Arundina graminifolia Orchidaceae bamboo orchid Assessment Pacific 11 high risk

Arundo donax Poaceae arundo Assessment Pacific 12 high risk

Arundo donax Poaceae arundo Assessment U.S. 11 reject

Arundo donax Poaceae arundo Assessment U.S. (Florida) 11 reject

Asarum delavayi Aristolochiaceae Chinese giant wild ginger Assessment U.S. (Florida) 0 accept

Asparagus densiflorus Liliaceae asparagus fern Assessment Australia 3 evaluate

Asparagus densiflorus Liliaceae asparagus fern Assessment Pacific 15 high risk

Asparagus falcatus Liliaceae sicklethorn Assessment Pacific 11 high risk

Asparagus setaceus Liliaceae common asparagus fern Assessment Australia 16 reject

Asparagus setaceus Liliaceae common asparagus fern Assessment Pacific 13 high risk

Aspidistra elatior

Liliaceae

cast iron plant

Assessment

Pacific

-1

low risk

Aspidistra patentiloba Liliaceae Assessment U.S. (Florida) 2 accept*

Aster oharai Asteraceae Assessment U.S. (Florida) -1 accept

Asterogyne martiana Arecaceae capoca Assessment Pacific 1 evaluate

Astronium graveolens Anacardiaceae zebrawood Assessment Pacific -2 low risk

Asystasia gangetica Acanthaceae coromandel Assessment Pacific 12 high risk

Atractocarpus fitzalanii Rubiaceae randia Assessment Pacific 3 high risk*

Attalea cohune Arecaceae cohune palm Assessment Pacific 0 low risk

Averrhoa bilimbi Oxalidaceae cucumber tree Assessment Pacific 1 evaluate

Averrhoa carambola

Oxalidaceae

starfruit

Assessment

Pacific

-1

low risk

Axonopus compressus Poaceae carpetgrass Assessment Australia 12 reject

Axonopus compressus Poaceae carpetgrass Assessment Pacific 15 high risk

Axonopus fissifolius Poaceae carpetgrass Assessment Pacific 16 high risk

Azadirachta indica Meliaceae neem Assessment Pacific 10 high risk

*Accepted or rejected based on second screen.
**Native or early introduction in the Pacific region (excluding Hawai‘i).

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This page updated 22 March 2013

Scientific Name	Family	Common name	Risk assessment	Country or Area	Score	Recommendation
Abelia x grandiflora	Caprifoliaceae	glossy abelia	Assessment	Pacific	-13	low risk
*Abelmoschus manihot*	Malvaceae	manioc hibiscus	Assessment	Pacific	1	low risk*
*Abies fraseri*	Pinaceae	Fraser fir	Assessment	Pacific	3	evaluate
*Abies grandis*	Pinaceae	grand fir	Assessment	Pacific	1	evaluate
*Abies guatemalensis*	Pinaceae	Guatemalan Fir	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
*Abies nordmanniana*	Pinaceae	Nordmann fir	Assessment	Pacific	2	evaluate
*Abies procera*	Pinaceae	noble fir	Assessment	Pacific	1	evaluate
*Abies religiosa*	Pinaceae	sacred fir	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
Abrus precatorius	Fabaceae	rosary pea	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	16	reject
Abutilon grandifolium	Malvaceae	Hairy abutilon	Assessment	Pacific	6	low risk*
Abutilon megapotamicum	Malvaceae	trailing abutilon	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	2	evaluate
Abutilon hirtum	Malvaceae	Florida Keys Indian mallow	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	5	reject*
Abutilon theophrasti	Malvaceae	velvet leaf	Assessment	Australia	15	reject
Acacia auriculiformis	Fabaceae	earleaf acacia	Assessment	Pacific	13	high risk
Acacia cochliacantha	Fabaceae	boat thorn acacia	Assessment	Pacific	10	high risk
Acacia confusa	Fabaceae	Formosan koa	Assessment	Pacific	10	high risk
*Acacia crassicarpa*	Fabaceae	northern wattle	Assessment	Pacific	7	high risk
*Acacia dealbata*	Fabaceae	silver wattle	Assessment	Pacific	22	high risk
Acacia farnesiana	Fabaceae	fragrant acacia	Assessment	Pacific	14	high risk
Acacia holosericea	Fabaceae	candelabra wattle	Assessment	Pacific	4	evaluate
Acacia insuavis	Fabaceae	pak la	Assessment	Pacific	5	evaluate
Acacia longifolia	Fabaceae	Sydney golden wattle	Assessment	Pacific	10	high risk
Acacia mangium	Fabaceae	mangium	Assessment	Pacific	8	high risk
Acacia mearnsii	Fabaceae	black wattle	Assessment	Pacific	15	high risk
Acacia melanoxylon	Fabaceae	blackwood acacia	Assessment	Pacific	12	high risk
Acacia nilotica	Fabaceae	black thorn	Assessment	Australia	13	reject
Acacia nilotica	Fabaceae	black thorn	Assessment	Pacific	14	high risk
Acacia nilotica	Fabaceae	black thorn	Assessment	United States		medium-high risk
Acacia parramattensis	Fabaceae	Parramatta green wattle	Assessment	Pacific	9	high risk
Acacia podalyriifolia	Fabaceae	Queensland silver wattle	Assessment	Pacific	12	high risk
*Acacia pycnantha*	Fabaceae	broadleaf wattle	Assessment	Pacific	16	high risk
*Accacia retinodes*	Fabaceae	water wattle	Assessment	Pacific	8	high risk
*Acacia robusta*	Fabaceae	splendid acacia	Assessment	Pacific	7	high risk
Acacia saligna	Fabaceae	Port Jackson wattle	Assessment	Pacific	17	high risk
*Acca sellowiana*	Myrtaceae	pineapple guava	Assessment	Pacific	5	evaluate
*Acca sellowiana*	Myrtaceae	pineapple guava	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	5	evaluate
*Acacia stenophylla*	Fabaceae	river cooba	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk*
Acalypha godseffiana	Euphorbiaceae	acalypha	Assessment	Pacific	-7	low risk
*Acalypha hispida*	Euphorbiaceae	chenille plant	Assessment	Pacific	2	low risk*
Acalypha setosa	Euphorbiaceae	Cuban copperleaf	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	0	accept
*Acalypha siamensis*	Euphorbiaceae	wild tea	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	3	accept*
*Acalypha wilkesiana*	Euphorbiaceae	beefsteak plant	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
*Acer rubrum*	Aceraceae	red maple	Assessment	Pacific	8	high risk
*Achillea millefolium*	Asteraceae	common yarrow	Assessment	Pacific	19	high risk
*Acmella grandiflora*	Asteraceae	Acmella	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
*Acnistus arborescens*	Solanaceae	hollowheart	Assessment	Pacific	2	evaluate
Acoelorraphe wrightii	Arecaceae	Everglades palm	Assessment	Pacific	2	evaluate
*Acokanthera schimperi*	Apocynaceae	common-poisonbush	Assessment	Pacific	6	evaluate
*Acrocomia aculeata*	Arecaceae	coyoli palm	Assessment	Pacific	5	low risk*
*Actinidia polygama*	Actinidiaceae	silvervine	Assessment	Pacific	2	evaluate
Actinorhytis calapparia	Arecaceae	calappa palm	Assessment	Pacific	1	evaluate
*Adansonia digitata*	Bombacaceae	baobab tree	Assessment	Pacific	-6	low risk
Adansonia rubrostipa	Bombacaceae	fony baobab	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	-7	accept
Adansonia suarezensis	Bombacaceae	Suarez baobab	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	-7	accept
Adenanthera pavonina	Fabaceae	red bead tree	Assessment	Pacific	7	high risk
Adiantopsis chlorophylla	Pteridaceae		Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	2	accept*
Adiantum raddianum	Pteridaceae	delta maidenhair	Assessment	Pacific	15	high risk
Adiantum thalictroides	Pteridaceae	meadow-rue maidenhair fern	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	4	accept*
Adenium obesum	Apocynaceae	desert rose	Assessment	Pacific	-8	low risk
Aechmea blanchetiana	Bromeliaceae	orange blanchetiana	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
Aechmea fasciata	Bromeliaceae	urn plant	Assessment	Pacific	2	low risk*
Aegle marmelos	Rutaceae	Bengal quince	Assessment	Pacific	4	evaluate
Aeschynomene americana	Fabaceae	American joint vetch	Assessment	Pacific	12	high risk
*Aesculus californica*	Hippocastanaceae	California buckeye	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
*Afrocarpus falcatus*	Podpcar[aceae	bastard yellow wood	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
*Agapanthus africanus*	Liliaceae	lily of the Nile	Assessment	Pacific	2.5	low risk*
Agapanthus praecox	Liliaceae	common Agapanthus	Assessment	Pacific	12	high risk
*Agathis robusta*	Araucariaceae	Queensland kauri	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
Agave americana	Agavaceae	American century plant	Assessment	Pacific	12	high risk
Agave americana	Agavaceae	century plant	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	14	reject
Agave filifera	Agavaceae	thread-leaf agave	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	-1	accept
Ageratina riparia	Asteraceae	mistflower	Assessment	Australia	26	reject
Ageratina riparia	Asteraceae	mistflower	Assessment	United States		medium-high risk
Aglaia odorata	Meliaceae	Chinese perfume plant	Assessment	Pacific	-4	low risk
*Aglaonema commutatum*	Araceae	Aglaonema	Assessment	Pacific	1	low risk*
*Aglaonema nitidum*	Araceae	Aglaonema	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
*Agonis flexuosa*	Myrtaceae	willow myrtle	Assessment	Pacific	7	high risk
Agrostemma githago	Caryophyllaceae	common corncockle	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	9	reject
*Agrostis stolonifera*	Poaceae	carpet bentgrass	Assessment	Pacific	19	high risk
Ailanthus altissima	Simaroubaceae	tree of heaven	Assessment	Australia	12	reject
Ailanthus altissima	Simaroubaceae	tree of heaven	Assessment	Pacific	21	high risk
Aiphanes horrida	Arecaceae	ruffle palm	Assessment	Pacific	7	high risk
Aira caryophyllea	Poaceae	silver hairgrass	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	9	reject
Ajania pacifica	Asteraceae	ajania	Assessment	Pacific	1	low risk*
Ajuga reptans	Lamiaceae	common bugleweed	Assessment	Pacific	11	high risk
Albizia adianthifolia	Fabaceae	West African albizzia	Assessment	Pacific	9	high risk
*Albizia chinensis*	Fabaceae	Chinese albizia	Assessment	Pacific	8	high risk
*Albizia guachepele*	Fabaceae	chime tree	Assessment	Pacific	-4	low risk
*Albizia julibrissin*	Fabaceae	pink sirus	Assessment	Pacific	18	high risk
*Albizia julibrissin*	Fabaceae	momosa	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	21	reject
Albizia lebbeck	Fabaceae	woman's-tongue tree	Assessment	Australia	4	more information
Albizia lebbeck	Fabaceae	woman's-tongue tree	Assessment	Pacific	7	high risk
Albizia niopoides	Fabaceae	Caribbean albizia	Assessment	Pacific	6	evaluate
Aleurites moluccana	Euphorbiaceae	candlenut tree	Assessment	Pacific	12	high risk
Aleurites moluccana	Euphorbiaceae	candlenut tree	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	3	evaluate
Allamanda blanchetii	Apocynaceae	purple allamanda	Assessment	Pacific	6	evaluate
Allamanda cathartica	Apocynaceae	golden trumpet Allamanda	Assessment	Pacific	8	high risk
Allamanda cathartica	Apocynaceae	golden trumpet Allamanda	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	12	reject
Allamanda schottii	ynaceae	bush allamanda	Assessment	Pacific	8	high risk
Allamanda schottii	Apocynaceae	bush allamanda	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	7	reject
*Allium sativum*	Liliaceae	garlic	Assessment	Pacific	-4	low risk
*Allocasuarina verticillata*	Casuarinaceae	drooping she oak	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
*Allogoptera arenaria*	Arecaceae	seashore palm	Assessment	Pacific	2	evaluate
*Allophylus cobbe*	Sapindaceae	wild berry	Assessment	Pacific	9	high risk
Alloxylon flammeum	Proteaceae	tree waratah	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	-2	accept
*Alluaudia procera*	Didiereaceae	Madagascar ocotillo	Assessment	Pacific	-7	low risk
Alnus nepalensis	Betulaceae	Nepalese alder	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
Alocasia cucullata	Araceae	dwarf elephant ear	Assessment	Pacific	9	high risk
Alocasia sanderiana	Araceae	Kris plant	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
*Aloysia citrodora*	Verbenaceae	lemon verbena	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
Alphitonia zizyphoides	Rhamnaceae	toi	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
Alpinia purpurata	Zingiberaceae	red ginger	Assessment	Pacific	4	evaluate
Alpinia zerumbet	Zingiberaceae	shell ginger	Assessment	Pacific	10	high risk
Alpinia zerumbet	Zingiberaceae	shell ginger	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	5	accept*
Alstonia macrophylla	Apocynaceae	deviltree	Assessment	Pacific	9	high risk
*Alstonia scholaris*	Apocynaceae	scholar tree	Assessment	Pacific	3	evaluate
Alternanthera brasiliana	Amaranthaceae	Brazilian joyweed	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	13	reject
Alternanthera paronichyoides	Amaranthaceae	smooth joyweed	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	6	accept*
Alternanthera philoxeroides	Amaranthaceae	alligator weed	Assessment	Australia	22	reject
Alternanthera pungens	Amaranthaceae	khaki weed	Assessment	Australia	17	reject
*Alyogyne huegelii*	Malvaceae	lilac hibiscus	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
Alysicarpus vaginalis	Fabaceae	alyce clover	Assessment	Australia	5	evaluate
Ambrosia psilostachya	Asteraceae	western ragweed	Assessment	Pacific	15	high risk
Amaranthus dubius	Amaranthaceae	southern pigweed	Assessment	Australia	14	reject
Amaranthus palmeri	Amaranthaceae	Palmer's amaranth	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	11	reject
Amaranthus spinosus	Amaranthaceae	spiny amaranth	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	18	reject
Amaranthus tricolor	Amaranthaceae	Chinese amaranth	Assessment	Pacific	14	high risk
*Amherstia nobilis*	Fabaceae	pride of Burma	Assessment	Pacific	-8	low risk
Amorphophallus lambii	Araceae		Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	2	accept*
Anacardium occidentale	Anacardiaceae	cashew	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
*Andira inermis*	Fabaceae	cabbage tree	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
Andropogon bicornis	Poaceae	West Indian foxtail grass	Assessment	Pacific	18	high risk
Andropogon gayanus	Poaceae	gamba grass	Assessment	Australia	8	reject
Andropogon glomeratus	Poaceae	bushy bluestem	Assessment	Pacific	14	high risk
Andropogon virginicus	Poaceae	broomsedge	Assessment	Australia	13	reject
Andropogon virginicus	Poaceae	broomsedge	Assessment	Pacific	20	high risk
Anemone hupehensis	Ranunculaceae	Japanese anemone	Assessment	Pacific	8.5	high risk
Angiopteris evecta	Marattiaceae	giant fern	Assessment	Pacific	8	high risk
*Anigozanthos flavidus*	Haemodoraceae	Evergreen kangaroo paw	Assessment	Pacific	12	high risk
Annona cherimola	Annonaceae	cherimoya	Assessment	Pacific	-4	low risk
Annona glabra	Annonaceae	pond apple	Assessment	Pacific	10	high risk
Annona macroprophyllata	Annonaceae	perpauce	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
Annona mucosa	Annonaceae	wild sweetsop	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
Annona muricata	Annonaceae	soursop	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
Annona reticulata	Annonaceae	custard apple	Assessment	Pacific	11	high risk
Annona squamosa	Annonaceae	custard apple	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
Anredera cordifolia	Basellaceae	Madeira-vine	Assessment	Pacific	20	high risk
Anthocleista grandiflora	Gentianaceae	forest bigleaf	Assessment	Pacific	3	evaluate
Anthoxanthum nitens	Poaceae	vanilla grass	Assessment	Pacific	4	evaluate
Anthoxanthum odoratum	Poaceae	sweet vernalgrass	Assessment	Pacific	11	high risk
Anthurium hookeri	Araceae	birds nest anthurium	Assessment	Pacific	-6	low risk
Antigonon leptopus	Polygonaceae	coral vine	Assessment	Pacific	19	high risk
*Aphanamixis polystachya*	Meliaceae	pithraj tree	Assessment	Pacific	3	evaluate
*Aphelandra aurantiaca*	Acanthaceae	fiery spike	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
*Aphelandra sinclairiana*	Acanthaceae	Sinclair's aphelandra	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
Aptenia cordifolia	Aizoaceae	hearts and flowers	Assessment	Pacific	5	low risk*
Aquilegia caucasica	Ranunculaceae		Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	-1	accept
*Arachis glabrata*	Fabaceae	perennial peanut	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
*Arachis glabrata*	Fabaceae	perennial peanut	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	-11	accept
*Arachis hypogaea*	Fabaceae	peanut	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
*Arachis pintoi*	Fabaceae	perennial peanut	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
Araiostegia pseudocystopteris	Davalliaceae		Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	3	accept*
Araucaria araucana	Araucariaceae	Chilean pine	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
Araucaria bidwillii	Araucariaceae	Queensland pine	Assessment	Pacific	1	low risk*
*Araucaria columnaris*	Araucariaceae	Cooks pine	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
*Araucaria heterophylla*	Araucariaceae	Norfolk Island pine	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
*Araujia saricifera*	Apocynaceae	bladder flower	Assessment	Pacific	24	high risk
Archidendron clypearia	Fabaceae	archidendron	Assessment	Pacific	3	evaluate
Archontophoenix alexandrae	Arecaceae	Alexandra palm	Assessment	Pacific	8	high risk
*Archontophoenix cunninghamiana*	Arecaceae	king palm	Assessment	Pacific	6	evaluate
*Archontophoenix purpurea*	Arecaceae	purple king palm	Assessment	Pacific	1	evaluate
*Archontophoenix tuckeri*	Arecaceae	peach creek palm	Assessment	Pacific	4	evaluate
Arctotheca calendula (fertile)	Asteraceae	capeweed	Assessment	Pacific	24	high risk
Arctotheca calendula (sterile)	Asteraceae	capeweed	Assessment	Pacific	8	high risk
*Arctotheca calendula*	Asteraceae	capeweed	Assessment	United States		high risk
Ardisia crenata	Myrsinaceae	Hilo holly	Assessment	Pacific	10	high risk
Ardisia elliptica	Myrsinaceae	shoebutton ardisia	Assessment	Pacific	11	high risk
Ardisia nigrescens	Myrsinaceae	blossomberry ardisia	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	-1	accept
*Ardisia polysticta*	Myrsinaceae	niu zi guo	Assessment	Pacific	8	high risk
*Ardisia sieboldii*	Myrsinaceae	duo zhi zi jin niu	Assessment	Pacific	7	high risk
*Areca catechu*	Arecaceae	betel nut palm	Assessment	Pacific	-4	low risk
Areca ridleyana	Arecaceae		Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	0	accept
Areca triandra	Arecaceae	Australian areca palm	Assessment	Pacific	5	evaluate
Areca vestiaria	Arecaceae	red pinang	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
Arenga pinnata	Arecaceae	sugar palm	Assessment	Pacific	7	high risk
Arenga tremula	Arecaceae	Philippines dwarf sugar palm	Assessment	Pacific	1	evaluate
Argemone mexicana	Papaveraceae	Mexican poppy	Assessment	Australia	18	reject
Argemone mexicana	Papaveraceae	Mexican poppy	Assessment	Pacific	22	high risk
*Argyreia nervosa*	Convolvulaceae	Hawaiian baby woodrose	Assessment	Pacific	1	low risk*
Aristolochia elegans	Aristolochiaceae	Dutchman's pipe	Assessment	Australia	13	reject
Aristolochia ringens	Aristolochiaceae	gaping Dutchman's pipe	Assessment	Pacific	4	evaluate
Arnebia pulchra	Boraginaceae	prophet flower	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	-1	accept
Artabotrys hexapetalus	Annonaceae	climbing ylang-ylang	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
*Arthrostemma ciliatum*	Melastomataceae	pinkfringe	Assessment	Pacific	7	high risk
*Artocarpus altilis*	Moraceae	breadfruit	Assessment	Pacific	-12	low risk
*Artocarpus heterophyllus*	Moraceae	jackfruit	Assessment	Pacific	1	low risk*
*Artocarpus heterophyllus*	Moraceae	jackfruit	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	-1	accept
*Artocarpus odoratissimus*	Moraceae	marang	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
*Artocarpus sericicarpus*	Moraceae	gomihan	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
*Arundina graminifolia*	Orchidaceae	bamboo orchid	Assessment	Pacific	11	high risk
Arundo donax	Poaceae	arundo	Assessment	Pacific	12	high risk
Arundo donax	Poaceae	arundo	Assessment	U.S.	11	reject
Arundo donax	Poaceae	arundo	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	11	reject
Asarum delavayi	Aristolochiaceae	Chinese giant wild ginger	Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	0	accept
Asparagus densiflorus	Liliaceae	asparagus fern	Assessment	Australia	3	evaluate
Asparagus densiflorus	Liliaceae	asparagus fern	Assessment	Pacific	15	high risk
Asparagus falcatus	Liliaceae	sicklethorn	Assessment	Pacific	11	high risk
Asparagus setaceus	Liliaceae	common asparagus fern	Assessment	Australia	16	reject
Asparagus setaceus	Liliaceae	common asparagus fern	Assessment	Pacific	13	high risk
*Aspidistra elatior*	Liliaceae	cast iron plant	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
Aspidistra patentiloba	Liliaceae		Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	2	accept*
Aster oharai	Asteraceae		Assessment	U.S. (Florida)	-1	accept
*Asterogyne martiana*	Arecaceae	capoca	Assessment	Pacific	1	evaluate
*Astronium graveolens*	Anacardiaceae	zebrawood	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
Asystasia gangetica	Acanthaceae	coromandel	Assessment	Pacific	12	high risk
Atractocarpus fitzalanii	Rubiaceae	randia	Assessment	Pacific	3	high risk*
Attalea cohune	Arecaceae	cohune palm	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
Averrhoa bilimbi	Oxalidaceae	cucumber tree	Assessment	Pacific	1	evaluate
*Averrhoa carambola*	Oxalidaceae	starfruit	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
Axonopus compressus	Poaceae	carpetgrass	Assessment	Australia	12	reject
Axonopus compressus	Poaceae	carpetgrass	Assessment	Pacific	15	high risk
Axonopus fissifolius	Poaceae	carpetgrass	Assessment	Pacific	16	high risk
Azadirachta indica	Meliaceae	neem	Assessment	Pacific	10	high risk