Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)
Tibouchina multiflora
RISK ASSESSMENT RESULTS: Low risk, score: -4
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Australian/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for Hawai‘i. Information on Risk Assessments Original risk assessment |
| Tibouchina multiflora (Gardn.) Cogn. Common name - Today-tomorrow tibouchina, glory bush, quaresmeira Family - Melastomaceae | Answer | Score | |
| 1.01 | Is the species highly domesticated? (If answer is 'no' then go to question 2.01) | n | 0 |
| 1.02 | Has the species become naturalized where grown? | ||
| 1.03 | Does the species have weedy races? | ||
| 2.01 | Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) – If island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute “wet tropical” for “tropical or subtropical” | 2 | |
| 2.02 | Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) see appendix 2 | 2 | |
| 2.03 | Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) | ||
| 2.04 | Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates | y | 1 |
| 2.05 | Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2 | y | |
| 3.01 | Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2), n= question 2.05 | n | -2 |
| 3.02 | Garden/amenity/disturbance weed y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2) | n | 0 |
| 3.03 | Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed y = 2*multiplier (see Append 2) | n | 0 |
| 3.04 | Environmental weed y = 2*multiplier (see Append 2) | n | 0 |
| 3.05 | Congeneric weed y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2) | y | 2 |
| 4.01 | Produces spines, thorns or burrs | n | 0 |
| 4.02 | Allelopathic | n | 0 |
| 4.03 | Parasitic | n | 0 |
| 4.04 | Unpalatable to grazing animals | ||
| 4.05 | Toxic to animals | n | 0 |
| 4.06 | Host for recognized pests and pathogens | n | 0 |
| 4.07 | Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans | n | 0 |
| 4.08 | Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems | n | 0 |
| 4.09 | Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle | y | 1 |
| 4.1 | Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone conditions if not a volcanic island) | ||
| 4.11 | Climbing or smothering growth habit | n | 0 |
| 4.12 | Forms dense thickets | n | 0 |
| 5.01 | Aquatic | n | 0 |
| 5.02 | Grass | n | 0 |
| 5.03 | Nitrogen fixing woody plant | n | 0 |
| 5.04 | Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) | n | 0 |
| 6.01 | Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native habitat | n | 0 |
| 6.02 | Produces viable seed. | ||
| 6.03 | Hybridizes naturally | ||
| 6.04 | Self-compatible or apomictic | ||
| 6.05 | Requires specialist pollinators | ||
| 6.06 | Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation | n | -1 |
| 6.07 | Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, 4+ years = -1 | 2 | 0 |
| 7.01 | Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants growing in heavily trafficked areas) | n | -1 |
| 7.02 | Propagules dispersed intentionally by people | y | 1 |
| 7.03 | Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant | n | -1 |
| 7.04 | Propagules adapted to wind dispersal | ||
| 7.05 | Propagules water dispersed | n | -1 |
| 7.06 | Propagules bird dispersed | n | -1 |
| 7.07 | Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) | n | -1 |
| 7.08 | Propagules survive passage through the gut | n | -1 |
| 8.01 | Prolific seed production (>1000/m2) | ||
| 8.02 | Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 yr) | ||
| 8.03 | Well controlled by herbicides | ||
| 8.04 | Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire | ||
| 8.05 | Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced biocontrol agents) | ||
| Total score: | -4 |
Supporting data:
|
Notes |
Reference |
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1.01 |
No evidence. |
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1.02 |
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1.03 |
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2.01 |
"Tibouchina multiflora, native to Brazil … ' |
http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/html/tibouchina_multiflora.htm |
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2.02 |
Global distribution: T. multiflora is cultivated in warm regions of the world. |
http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/html/tibouchina_multiflora.htm |
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2.03 |
T. multiflora is known from a few plantings in gardens on Maui in at least Kula, elevation 3,000 ft (914 m), and Makawao, elevation 1,600 ft (488 m). No reproduction has been observed yet. [No further evidence regarding the USDA zones and environmental l |
http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/html/tibouchina_multiflora.htm |
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2.04 |
"Tibouchina multiflora, native to Brazil … ' |
http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/html/tibouchina_multiflora.htm |
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2.05 |
Global distribution: T. multiflora is cultivated in warm regions of the world. |
http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/html/tibouchina_multiflora.htm |
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3.01 |
No evidence of naturalization. |
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3.02 |
No evidence. |
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3.03 |
No evidence |
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3.04 |
"There is not much evidence of this species being invasive elsewhere in the world. However, other Tibouchina species, such as T. herbacea, T. longifolia, and T. urvilleana are considered invasive pests in Hawai'i and all plants in the genus, Tibouchina, a |
http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/html/tibouchina_multiflora.htm |
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3.05 |
"There is not much evidence of this species being invasive elsewhere in the world. However, other Tibouchina species, such as T. herbacea, T. longifolia, and T. urvilleana are considered invasive pests in Hawai'i and all plants in the genus, Tibouchina, a |
http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/html/tibouchina_multiflora.htm |
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4.01 |
No evidence of such structures. |
http://zipcodezoo.com/Plants/T/Tibouchina_multiflora.asp |
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4.02 |
No evidence |
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4.03 |
No evidence |
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4.04 |
Don’t know. |
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4.05 |
No evidence |
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4.06 |
Probably not - no evidence of associated pests. |
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4.07 |
No evidence |
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4.08 |
Probably not - evergreen herbaceous rainforest species. - "Tibouchina species are evergreen plants from the rainforest areas of tropical America." |
http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/html/tibouchina_multiflora.htm |
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4.09 |
(1)Probably yes - as it is a herbaceous rainforest species. (2)Full sun to full shade. |
(2)http://toptropicals.com/cgi-bin/garden_catalog/cat.cgi?uid=TIBOUCHINA_MULTIFLORA |
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4.1 |
"The Tibouchinas like a good proportion of organic content in the soil." [No other evidence regarding soil requirements]. |
http://toptropicals.com/cgi-bin/garden_catalog/cat.cgi?uid=Tibouchina_multiflora |
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4.11 |
No evidence |
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4.12 |
No evidence |
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5.01 |
"Shrub, to 6 ft." |
http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/html/tibouchina_multiflora.htm |
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5.02 |
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5.03 |
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5.04 |
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6.01 |
Probably not - no such evidence. Also flowering specimens were collected from native range Brazil. |
http://mobot.mobot.org/cgi-bin/search_vast |
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6.02 |
Don’t know. "T. multiflora is known from a few plantings in gardens on Maui in at least Kula, elevation 3,000 ft (914 m), and Makawao, elevation 1,600 ft (488 m). No reproduction has been observed yet." "Propagation: Tibouchina species are propagated fro |
http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/html/tibouchina_multiflora.htm |
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6.03 |
"Abstract: Original meiotic chromosome counts are reported for 35 species and one natural interspecific hybrid in 11 genera of Mexican melastomataceae. These include first counts for 24 species in three of the nine recognized New World tribes in the famil |
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6.04 |
Don’t know. |
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6.05 |
Pollination: Not known. |
http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/images/thumbnails/html/tibouchina_multiflora.htm |
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6.06 |
Probably not - no evidence of spread by vegetative means. |
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6.07 |
An herbaceous perennial cultivated for its flowers. Probably 2 to 3 years. |
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7.01 |
No evidence that the species occurs or grows in heavily trafficked areas. |
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7.02 |
Probably yes - an ornamental plant. "Dispersal: Tibouchina plants are spread long distances by humans who cultivate the plant." |
http://toptropicals.com/cgi-bin/garden_catalog/cat.cgi?uid=Tibouchina_multiflora AND http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/html/tibouchina_multiflora.htm |
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7.03 |
Probably not - no evidence that the species grows around or is a weed of crop seed plants. |
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7.04 |
Genus characteristics -"Fruit woody capsule. Seeds numerous, soiled warty." |
Staples, W George and Derral H Herbst. 2005. A Tropical Garden Flora. Bishop Museum Press. Honolulu. Hawaii. Page 397 |
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7.05 |
Probably not - no evidence that the species inhabits waterways. |
Staples, W George and Derral H Herbst. 2005. A Tropical Garden Flora. Bishop Museum Press. Honolulu. Hawaii. Page 397 |
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7.06 |
Probably not - "fruit woody capsule." |
Staples, W George and Derral H Herbst. 2005. A Tropical Garden Flora. Bishop Museum Press. Honolulu. Hawaii. Page 397 |
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7.07 |
No evidence that the propagules have any means of attachment. |
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7.08 |
Fruit woody capsule - probably not ingested. |
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8.01 |
Probably not - "T. multiflora is known from a few plantings in gardens on Maui in at least Kula, elevation 3,000 ft (914 m), and Makawao, elevation 1,600 ft (488 m). No reproduction has been observed yet." [No evidence regarding reproduction on this speci |
http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/html/tibouchina_multiflora.htm |
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8.02 |
No evidence regarding seed bank. |
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8.03 |
No evidence that the species is being controlled for. |
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8.04 |
After each blooming cycle, prune and fertilize with fertilizer for acid loving plants |
http://toptropicals.com/cgi-bin/garden_catalog/cat.cgi?uid=Tibouchina_multiflora |
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8.05 |
Don’t know. |
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This page created 23 December 2006