Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)
Tecoma alata
RISK ASSESSMENT RESULTS: Low risk, score: -3
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Australian/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for Hawai‘i. Information on Risk Assessments Original risk assessment |
| Tecoma alata (Orange Jubilee, cahuato) Synonym- Tecoma guarume | Answer | Score | |
| 1.01 | Is the species highly domesticated? | n | 0 |
| 1.02 | Has the species become naturalized where grown? | n | |
| 1.03 | Does the species have weedy races? | n | |
| 2.01 | Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) – If island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute “wet tropical” for “tropical or subtropical” | 2 | |
| 2.02 | Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) see appendix 2 | 2 | |
| 2.03 | Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) | y | 1 |
| 2.04 | Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates | y | 1 |
| 2.05 | Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2 | y | |
| 3.01 | Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2), n= question 2.05 | n | -2 |
| 3.02 | Garden/amenity/disturbance weed y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2) | n | 0 |
| 3.03 | Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed y = 2*multiplier (see Append 2) | n | 0 |
| 3.04 | Environmental weed y = 2*multiplier (see Append 2) | n | 0 |
| 3.05 | Congeneric weed y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2) | y | 2 |
| 4.01 | Produces spines, thorns or burrs | n | 0 |
| 4.02 | Allelopathic | n | 0 |
| 4.03 | Parasitic | n | 0 |
| 4.04 | Unpalatable to grazing animals | ||
| 4.05 | Toxic to animals | n | 0 |
| 4.06 | Host for recognized pests and pathogens | n | 0 |
| 4.07 | Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans | n | 0 |
| 4.08 | Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems | n | 0 |
| 4.09 | Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle | y | 1 |
| 4.1 | Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone conditions if not a volcanic island) | n | 0 |
| 4.11 | Climbing or smothering growth habit | n | 0 |
| 4.12 | Forms dense thickets | n | 0 |
| 5.01 | Aquatic | n | 0 |
| 5.02 | Grass | n | 0 |
| 5.03 | Nitrogen fixing woody plant | n | 0 |
| 5.04 | Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) | n | 0 |
| 6.01 | Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native habitat | n | 0 |
| 6.02 | Produces viable seed. | y | 1 |
| 6.03 | Hybridizes naturally | ||
| 6.04 | Self-compatible or apomictic | ||
| 6.05 | Requires specialist pollinators | y | -1 |
| 6.06 | Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation | n | -1 |
| 6.07 | Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, 4+ years = -1 | 3 | 0 |
| 7.01 | Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants growing in heavily trafficked areas) | n | -1 |
| 7.02 | Propagules dispersed intentionally by people | y | 1 |
| 7.03 | Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant | n | -1 |
| 7.04 | Propagules adapted to wind dispersal | y | 1 |
| 7.05 | Propagules water dispersed | n | -1 |
| 7.06 | Propagules bird dispersed | n | -1 |
| 7.07 | Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) | n | -1 |
| 7.08 | Propagules survive passage through the gut | n | -1 |
| 8.01 | Prolific seed production (>1000/m2) | n | -1 |
| 8.02 | Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 yr) | ||
| 8.03 | Well controlled by herbicides | ||
| 8.04 | Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire | ||
| 8.05 | Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced biocontrol agents) | ||
| Total score: | -3 |
Supporting data:
|
Notes |
Reference |
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1.01 |
No evidence |
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1.02 |
No evidence of naturalization. |
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1.03 |
No evidence |
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2.01 |
(1)Native to Peru. (2)Native to Argentina. (3)Tecoma is a genus of 14 species, two from Africa and 12 from the American tropics. The American species range from the southernmost U.S. to Argentina, but most are concentrated in the central Andes.' |
(1)http://www.hear.org/gcw/html/autogend/species/18980.HTM (2)http://www.greenbeam.com/features/plant021698.html (3)Staples, G and Herbst, D. 2005. A Tropical Garden Flroa. Bishop Museum Press. Honolulu. Hawaii. |
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2.02 |
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2.03 |
(1)Hardiness: |
(1)http://davesgarden.com/pf/go/60979/index.html |
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2.04 |
(1)Native to Peru. (2)Native to Argentina. (3)Tecoma is a genus of 14 species, two from Africa and 12 from the American tropics. The American species range from the southernmost U.S. to Argentina, but most are concentrated in the central Andes.' |
(1)http://www.hear.org/gcw/html/autogend/species/18980.HTM (2)http://www.greenbeam.com/features/plant021698.html (3)Staples, G and Herbst, D. 2005. A Tropical Garden Flroa. Bishop Museum Press. Honolulu. Hawaii. |
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2.05 |
(1)This plant has been said to grow in the following regions: Chandler, Arizona; Phoenix, Arizona; Palm Springs, California; Yorba Linda, California; Iredell, Texas; San Antonio, Texas (2)Introduced to Australia |
(1)http://davesgarden.com/pf/go/60979/index.html (2)http://tncweeds.ucdavis.edu/global/australia/ath.html |
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3.01 |
No evidence |
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3.02 |
No evidence |
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3.03 |
No evidence |
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3.04 |
No evidence |
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3.05 |
Tecoma stans is a noxious weed in Australia. |
http://www.weeds.org.au/cgi-bin/weedident.cgi?tpl=plant.tpl |
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4.01 |
No evidence of such structures. |
http://mobot.mobot.org/cgi-bin/search_vast |
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4.02 |
No evidence |
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4.03 |
No evidence |
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4.04 |
A congener, Tecoma undulata is used as a fodder tree in Pakistan. |
Title: Effect of different planting techniques on survival and performance of fodder trees. Author(s): Sardar, Mohammad Rafique. Source: Pakistan Journal of Forestry 42 (2) : 81-86 1992 |
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4.05 |
No evidence |
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4.06 |
No evidence regarding associated pests or pathogens. |
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4.07 |
No evidence |
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4.08 |
Probably not - an evergreen shrub, not known to grow in groups or form dense thickets. |
http://www.landscapemart.com/lvl.php?pd1=shpid&pd1pid
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4.09 |
(1)Sun Exposure: Full Sun to Partial Sun (2)Full sun to partial shade. |
(1)http://www.landscapemart.com/lvl.php?pd1=shpid&pd1pid |
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4.1 |
Soil pH requirements: |
http://davesgarden.com/pf/go/60979/index.html |
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4.11 |
An evergreen shrub. |
http://www.landscapemart.com/lvl.php?pd1=shpid&pd1pid
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4.12 |
No evidence |
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5.01 |
||
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5.02 |
An evergreen shrub. |
http://www.landscapemart.com/lvl.php?pd1=shpid&pd1pid
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5.03 |
No evidence |
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5.04 |
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6.01 |
Specimens at the Missouri Botanical Garden collected from the native range of Peru were in flowering condition and some with mature fruits. |
http://mobot.mobot.org/cgi-bin/search_vast |
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6.02 |
"Propagation Methods: From semi-hardwood cuttings From seed; direct sow after last frost." |
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6.03 |
A new cultivar of Tecoma, originating in South America, was selected from among the interspecific hybrid progenies between T. stans and T. garrocha. The selected interspecific hybrid has an orange corolla, intermediate in color and size between T. stans ( |
Title: A new pot plant variety bred by interspecific crossing between Tecoma stans (L.) H. B. K. and T. garrocha Hieron. Author(s): Kobayashi, Nobuo (Kobayashi@farm.kyoto-u.ac.jp); Hagiwara, Juan Carlos; Miyajima, Ikuo; Facciuto, Gabriela; Soto, Silvina; |
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6.04 |
Don’t know. |
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6.05 |
Althought the African specis speceis have tradictionally been recognized as the distinct genus Tecomaria, there are no reliable differentiating characters between them and the red-orange flowerd, hummingbird-pollinated Andean Tecoma species.' [Tecoma alat |
Staples, G and Herbst, D. 2005. A Tropical Garden Flroa. Bishop Museum Press. Honolulu. Hawaii. Pg 189 |
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6.06 |
No evidence of spread by vegetative means. |
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6.07 |
A shrub that growns 10 to 15 feet tall and about 6 to 10 ft wide - cultivated for ornmental flowes - probably takes 2 to 3 years to reach flowering. |
http://www.landscapemart.com/lvl.php?pd1=shpid&pd1
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7.01 |
No evidence that the species is grown in heavily trafficked areas. |
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7.02 |
This plant is attractive to bees, butterflies and/or birds |
http://davesgarden.com/pf/go/60979/index.html |
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7.03 |
Probably not - winged seeds. Also no evidence that the plant grows near crop plants. |
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7.04 |
(1)Fruit a linea capsule, tapering at ends, the calyx persistent, 5.5-7 cm long. 6-8 mm wide, noticeably scattered-lepidote r lepidote-punctate, seeds thin, bialate, 4-6 mm long, 9-15 mm wide, the wings hyaline-membraneous, sharply demarcated from seed bo |
(1)Gentry, A. H. 1992. Flora Neotropica Monograph 25(II) Bignoneaceae-Part II (Tribe Tecomaeae). New York Botanical Garden. New York. (2)http://mobot.mobot.org/cgi-bin/search_vast?ssdp=00482207 |
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7.05 |
(1)Fruit a linea capsule, tapering at ends, the calyx persistent, 5.5-7 cm long. 6-8 mm wide, noticeably scattered-lepidote r lepidote-punctate, seeds thin, bialate, 4-6 mm long, 9-15 mm wide, the wings hyaline-membraneous, sharply demarcated from seed bo |
(1)Gentry, A. H. 1992. Flora Neotropica Monograph 25(II) Bignoneaceae-Part II (Tribe Tecomaeae). New York Botanical Garden. New York. (2)http://mobot.mobot.org/cgi-bin/search_vast?ssdp=00482208 |
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7.06 |
(1)Fruit a linea capsule, tapering at ends, the calyx persistent, 5.5-7 cm long. 6-8 mm wide, noticeably scattered-lepidote r lepidote-punctate, seeds thin, bialate, 4-6 mm long, 9-15 mm wide, the wings hyaline-membraneous, sharply demarcated from seed bo |
(1)Gentry, A. H. 1992. Flora Neotropica Monograph 25(II) Bignoneaceae-Part II (Tribe Tecomaeae). New York Botanical Garden. New York. (2)http://mobot.mobot.org/cgi-bin/search_vast?ssdp=00482209 |
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7.07 |
(1)Fruit a linea capsule, tapering at ends, the calyx persistent, 5.5-7 cm long. 6-8 mm wide, noticeably scattered-lepidote r lepidote-punctate, seeds thin, bialate, 4-6 mm long, 9-15 mm wide, the wings hyaline-membraneous, sharply demarcated from seed bo |
(1)Gentry, A. H. 1992. Flora Neotropica Monograph 25(II) Bignoneaceae-Part II (Tribe Tecomaeae). New York Botanical Garden. New York. (2)http://mobot.mobot.org/cgi-bin/search_vast?ssdp=00482210 |
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7.08 |
(1)Fruit a linea capsule, tapering at ends, the calyx persistent, 5.5-7 cm long. 6-8 mm wide, noticeably scattered-lepidote r lepidote-punctate, seeds thin, bialate, 4-6 mm long, 9-15 mm wide, the wings hyaline-membraneous, sharply demarcated from seed bo |
(1)Gentry, A. H. 1992. Flora Neotropica Monograph 25(II) Bignoneaceae-Part II (Tribe Tecomaeae). New York Botanical Garden. New York. (2)http://mobot.mobot.org/cgi-bin/search_vast?ssdp=00482211 |
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8.01 |
Probably not - relatively large winged seeds. |
(1)Gentry, A. H. 1992. Flora Neotropica Monograph 25(II) Bignoneaceae-Part II (Tribe Tecomaeae). New York Botanical Garden. New York. (2)http://mobot.mobot.org/cgi-bin/search_vast?ssdp=00482212 |
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8.02 |
No evidence regarding seedbank. |
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8.03 |
No evidence that the species is being controlled for. |
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8.04 |
Don’t know. |
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8.05 |
Dont know |
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This page created 24 December 2006