Monodora junodii Engl. & Diels Family - Annonaceae. Common Names(s) - green apple. Synonym(s) -

Answer

Score

1.01

Is the species highly domesticated?

y=-3, n=0

n

0

1.02

Has the species become naturalized where grown?

y=1, n=-1

1.03

Does the species have weedy races?

y=-1, n=-1

2.01

Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) – If island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute “wet tropical” for “tropical or subtropical”

See Append 2

2

2.02

Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) see appendix 2

2

2.03

Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)

y=1, n=0

n

0

2.04

Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates

y=1, n=0

y

1

2.05

Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range?

y=-2, ?=-1, n=0

n

3.01

Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2), n= question 2.05

n

0

3.02

Garden/amenity/disturbance weed y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2)

n=0

n

0

3.03

Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed y = 2*multiplier (see Append 2)

n=0

n

0

3.04

Environmental weed y = 2*multiplier (see Append 2)

n=0

n

0

3.05

Congeneric weed y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2)

n=0

n

0

4.01

Produces spines, thorns or burrs

y=1, n=0

n

0

4.02

Allelopathic

y=1, n=0

4.03

Parasitic

y=1, n=0

n

0

4.04

Unpalatable to grazing animals

y=1, n=-1

4.05

Toxic to animals

y=1, n=0

4.06

Host for recognized pests and pathogens

y=1, n=0

4.07

Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans

y=1, n=0

4.08

Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems

y=1, n=0

4.09

Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle

y=1, n=0

4.10

Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone conditions if not a volcanic island)

y=1, n=0

n

0

4.11

Climbing or smothering growth habit

y=1, n=0

n

0

4.12

Forms dense thickets

y=1, n=0

5.01

Aquatic

y=5, n=0

n

0

5.02

Grass

y=1, n=0

n

0

5.03

Nitrogen fixing woody plant

y=1, n=0

n

0

5.04

Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs -- bulbs, corms, or tubers)

y=1, n=0

n

0

6.01

Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native habitat

y=1, n=0

n

0

6.02

Produces viable seed.

y=1, n=-1

y

1

6.03

Hybridizes naturally

y=1, n=-1

6.04

Self-compatible or apomictic

y=1, n=-1

6.05

Requires specialist pollinators

y=-1, n=0

n

0

6.06

Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation

y=1, n=-1

6.07

Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, 4+ years = -1

See left

7.01

Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants growing in heavily trafficked areas)

y=1, n=-1

n

-1

7.02

Propagules dispersed intentionally by people

y=1, n=-1

n

-1

7.03

Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant

y=1, n=-1

n

-1

7.04

Propagules adapted to wind dispersal

y=1, n=-1

n

-1

7.05

Propagules water dispersed

y=1, n=-1

n

-1

7.06

Propagules bird dispersed

y=1, n=-1

7.07

Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally)

y=1, n=-1

n

-1

7.08

Propagules survive passage through the gut

y=1, n=-1

8.01

Prolific seed production (>1000/m2)

y=1, n=-1

n

-1

8.02

Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 yr)

y=1, n=-1

8.03

Well controlled by herbicides

y=-1, n=1

8.04

Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire

y=1, n=-1

8.05

Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced biocontrol agents)

y=-1, n=1

Total score:

-5

Notes

Source

1.01

(1) No evidence of domestication.

(1) WRA Specialist

1.02

N/A

1.03

N/A

2.01

(1) Native range: Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

(1) Flora of Mozambique. Available at: http://www.mozambiqueflora.com/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=123930 {Accessed 2011 May 17]

2.02

(1) Native range: Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

(1) Flora of Mozambique. Available at: http://www.mozambiqueflora.com/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=123930 {Accessed 2011 May 17]

2.03

(1) Altitude range: up to 900 m.

(1) Flora of Mozambique. Available at: http://www.mozambiqueflora.com/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=123930 {Accessed 2011 May 17]

2.04

(1) Native range: Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

(1) Flora of Mozambique. Available at: http://www.mozambiqueflora.com/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=123930 {Accessed 2011 May 17]

2.05

(1) No evidence of repeated introductions.

(1) WRA Specialist.

3.01

(1) No evidence of naturalization.

(1) http://www.hear.org/gcw/scientificnames/scinamem.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

3.02

(1) No evidence of weediness.

(1) http://www.hear.org/gcw/scientificnames/scinamem.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

3.03

(1) No evidence of weediness.

(1) http://www.hear.org/gcw/scientificnames/scinamem.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

3.04

(1) No evidence of weediness.

(1) http://www.hear.org/gcw/scientificnames/scinamem.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

3.05

(1) No evidence of a congeneric weed.

(1) http://www.hear.org/gcw/scientificnames/scinamem.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

4.01

(1) Shrub or small tree. Leaves elliptic-oblong to oblanceolate, shiny and and thinly textured. Flowers reddish-brown to wine-red, rather striking. Fruit near spherical, not segmented, blackish and deeply wrinkled with vertical ridges when ripe. Notes:

(1) Flora of Mozambique. Available at: http://www.mozambiqueflora.com/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=123930 [Accessed 2011 May 17]

4.02

(1) Unknown.

(1) WRA Specialist

4.03

(1) Annonaceae

(1) Flora of Mozambique. Available at: http://www.mozambiqueflora.com/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=123930 [Accessed 2011 May 17]

4.04

(1) Unknown

(1) WRA Specialist

4.05

(1) Unknown

(1) WRA Specialist

4.06

(1) Unknown

(1) WRA Specialist

4.07

(1) Unknown

(1) WRA Specialist

4.08

(1) Unknown.

(1) WRA Specialist

4.09

(1) Unknown.

(1) WRA Specialist

4.10

(1) Occurs in sand forests; well-drained soil.

(1) PlantzAfrica. South African National Biodiversity Institute Available from: http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantklm/monodjun.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

4.11

(1) Shrubby small tree up to 7 m.

(1) PlantzAfrica. South African National Biodiversity Institute Available from: http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantklm/monodjun.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

4.12

(1) Unknown.

(1) WRA Specialist

5.01

(1) Tree. Terrestrial

(1) PlantzAfrica. South African National Biodiversity Institute Available from: http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantklm/monodjun.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

5.02

(1) Annonaceae

(1) PlantzAfrica. South African National Biodiversity Institute Available from: http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantklm/monodjun.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

5.03

(1) Annonaceae

(1) PlantzAfrica. South African National Biodiversity Institute Available from: http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantklm/monodjun.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

5.04

(1) Tree.

(1) PlantzAfrica. South African National Biodiversity Institute Available from: http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantklm/monodjun.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

6.01

(1) "Despite the fact that the green-apple is widespread and apparently not under threat of extinction, it is nowhere either common or a significant feature of the vegetation. Its ecology therefore remains completely unstudied, and residents of the warm places where it grows may find the discovery of its pollinators and dispersal agents a worthy challenge."

(1) PlantzAfrica. South African National Biodiversity Institute Available from: http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantklm/monodjun.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

6.02

(1) "Pooley suggests that it should be grown from seed, without giving any details."

(1) PlantzAfrica. South African National Biodiversity Institute Available from: http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantklm/monodjun.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

6.03

(1) Unknown.

(1) WRA Specialist

6.04

(1) The flowers in Monodora and Isolona are commonly self-compatible but pronounced protogynous (often with a neutral phase between the female and male phase), even synchronous protogyny has been reported.

(1) Endress, P.K. 1996 Diversity and evolutionary biology of tropical flowers. Cambridge University Press. Available from: http://books.google.com/books?id=8_DfMSS9r9cC&pg=PA219&lpg=PA218&dq=monodora+junodii [Accessed 2011 May 5]

6.05

(1) "Mondora junodii, the three inner tepals with brown spots and distally coherent, forming three lateral entrances, probably fly-pollinated"

(1) Endress, P.K. 1996 Diversity and evolutionary biology of tropical flowers. Cambridge University Press. Available from: http://books.google.com/books?id=8_DfMSS9r9cC&pg=PA219&lpg=PA218&dq=monodora+junodii [Accessed 2011 May 5]

6.06

(1) Unknown.

(1) WRA Specialist

6.07

(1) Unknown.

(1) WRA Specialist

7.01

(1) Fruits grey-green, lumpy-roundish, up to 55 mm in diameter, fleshy, edible but not palatable.

(1) PlantzAfrica. South African National Biodiversity Institute Available from: http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantklm/monodjun.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

7.02

(1) "Despite the fact that the green-apple is widespread and apparently not under threat of extinction, it is nowhere either common or a significant feature of the vegetation. Its ecology therefore remains completely unstudied, and residents of the warm places where it grows may find the discovery of its pollinators and dispersal agents a worthy challenge." (2) No evidence of availability via the internet.

(1) PlantzAfrica. South African National Biodiversity Institute Available from: http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantklm/monodjun.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16] (2) WRA Specialist

7.03

(1) Fruits grey-green, lumpy-roundish, up to 55 mm in diameter, fleshy, edible but not palatable.

(1) PlantzAfrica. South African National Biodiversity Institute Available from: http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantklm/monodjun.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

7.04

(1) Fruits grey-green, lumpy-roundish, up to 55 mm in diameter, fleshy, edible but not palatable. [no adaptation for wind dispersal]

(1) PlantzAfrica. South African National Biodiversity Institute Available from: http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantklm/monodjun.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

7.05

(1) Fruits grey-green, lumpy-roundish, up to 55 mm in diameter, fleshy, edible but not palatable. [no adaptation for wind dispersal]

(1) PlantzAfrica. South African National Biodiversity Institute Available from: http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantklm/monodjun.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

7.06

(1) "Despite the fact that the green-apple is widespread and apparently not under threat of extinction, it is nowhere either common or a significant feature of the vegetation. Its ecology therefore remains completely unstudied, and residents of the warm places where it grows may find the discovery of its pollinators and dispersal agents a worthy challenge."

(1) PlantzAfrica. South African National Biodiversity Institute Available from: http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantklm/monodjun.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

7.07

(1) Fruits grey-green, lumpy-roundish, up to 55 mm in diameter, fleshy, edible but not palatable. [no adaptation for external attachment]

(1) PlantzAfrica. South African National Biodiversity Institute Available from: http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantklm/monodjun.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

7.08

(1) "Despite the fact that the green-apple is widespread and apparently not under threat of extinction, it is nowhere either common or a significant feature of the vegetation. Its ecology therefore remains completely unstudied, and residents of the warm places where it grows may find the discovery of its pollinators and dispersal agents a worthy challenge."

(1) PlantzAfrica. South African National Biodiversity Institute Available from: http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantklm/monodjun.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

8.01

(1) Small tree; solitary flowers

(1) PlantzAfrica. South African National Biodiversity Institute Available from: http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantklm/monodjun.htm [Accessed 2011 May 16]

8.02

(1) Unknown.

(1) WRA Specialist

8.03

(1) Unknown.

(1) WRA Specialist

8.04

(1) Unknown.

(1) WRA Specialist

8.05

(1) Unknown.

(1) WRA Specialist