Hedera algeriensis Hibberd - Family - Araliaceae . Common Names(s) - Algerian ivy. Synonym(s) - Hedera canariensis, Hedera canariensis var. algeriensis.

Answer

Score

1.01

Is the species highly domesticated?

y=-3, n=0

n

0

1.02

Has the species become naturalized where grown?

y=1, n=-1

1.03

Does the species have weedy races?

y=-1, n=-1

2.01

Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) – If island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute “wet tropical” for “tropical or subtropical”

See Append 2

2

2.02

Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) see appendix 2

2

2.03

Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)

y=1, n=0

n

0

2.04

Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates

y=1, n=0

y

1

2.05

Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range?

y=-2, ?=-1, n=0

y

3.01

Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2), n= question 2.05

n

-2

3.02

Garden/amenity/disturbance weed y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2)

n=0

n

0

3.03

Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed y = 2*multiplier (see Append 2)

n=0

n

0

3.04

Environmental weed y = 2*multiplier (see Append 2)

n=0

n

0

3.05

Congeneric weed y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2)

n=0

y

2

4.01

Produces spines, thorns or burrs

y=1, n=0

n

0

4.02

Allelopathic

y=1, n=0

n

0

4.03

Parasitic

y=1, n=0

n

0

4.04

Unpalatable to grazing animals

y=1, n=-1

4.05

Toxic to animals

y=1, n=0

n

0

4.06

Host for recognized pests and pathogens

y=1, n=0

n

0

4.07

Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans

y=1, n=0

y

1

4.08

Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems

y=1, n=0

4.09

Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle

y=1, n=0

y

1

4.10

Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone conditions if not a volcanic island)

y=1, n=0

n

0

4.11

Climbing or smothering growth habit

y=1, n=0

y

1

4.12

Forms dense thickets

y=1, n=0

n

0

5.01

Aquatic

y=5, n=0

n

0

5.02

Grass

y=1, n=0

n

0

5.03

Nitrogen fixing woody plant

y=1, n=0

n

0

5.04

Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs -- bulbs, corms, or tubers)

y=1, n=0

n

0

6.01

Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native habitat

y=1, n=0

n

0

6.02

Produces viable seed.

y=1, n=-1

y

1

6.03

Hybridizes naturally

y=1, n=-1

6.04

Self-compatible or apomictic

y=1, n=-1

6.05

Requires specialist pollinators

y=-1, n=0

n

0

6.06

Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation

y=1, n=-1

y

1

6.07

Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, 4+ years = -1

See left

2 or 3

0

7.01

Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants growing in heavily trafficked areas)

y=1, n=-1

n

-1

7.02

Propagules dispersed intentionally by people

y=1, n=-1

y

1

7.03

Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant

y=1, n=-1

n

-1

7.04

Propagules adapted to wind dispersal

y=1, n=-1

n

-1

7.05

Propagules water dispersed

y=1, n=-1

n

-1

7.06

Propagules bird dispersed

y=1, n=-1

y

1

7.07

Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally)

y=1, n=-1

n

-1

7.08

Propagules survive passage through the gut

y=1, n=-1

y

1

8.01

Prolific seed production (>1000/m2)

y=1, n=-1

8.02

Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 yr)

y=1, n=-1

8.03

Well controlled by herbicides

y=-1, n=1

8.04

Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire

y=1, n=-1

8.05

Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced biocontrol agents)

y=-1, n=1

Total score:

4

Notes

Source

1.01

No evidence

1.02

1.03

2.01

(1) Native to Algeria in Northern Africa

(1) Staples, G. W., Herbst, D.R. (2005). A Tropical Garden Flora Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian Islands and Other Tropical Places. Honolulu, Bishop Museum Press.

2.02

(1) Native to Algeria in Northern Africa

(1) Staples, G. W., Herbst, D.R. (2005). A Tropical Garden Flora Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian Islands and Other Tropical Places. Honolulu, Bishop Museum Press.

2.03

(1) USDA Hardiness Zones 7-10. (2) USDA Hardiness Zones 7-10.

(1) http://www.groundcover.com/info/ivy.html#Hedera_a [Accessed 2008 Nov 26]. (2) http://www.perennialfarm.com/images/Ground_Cover.pdf [Accessed 2008 Dec 4].

2.04

(1) Native to Algeria in Northern Africa

(1) Staples, G. W., Herbst, D.R. (2005). A Tropical Garden Flora Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian Islands and Other Tropical Places. Honolulu, Bishop Museum Press.

2.05

(1) H. algeriensis has been planted since the 1920's and is causing a serious problem in southern California. (2) Available from Perennial Farms.

(1) Clarke, M., S. Reichard, et al. (2006). "Prevalence of Different Horticultural Taxa of Ivy (Hedera spp., Araliaceae) in Invading Populations." Biological Invasions 8(2): 149-157. (2) http://www.perennialfarm.com/images/Ground_Cover.pdf {Accessed 2008 Dec 4].

3.01

No evidence

3.02

Unknown

3.03

Unknown

3.04

Unknown

3.05

(1) English ivy complex Hedera spp. Are invasive in the Pacific Northwest, USA.

(1) Clarke, M., S. Reichard, et al. (2006). "Prevalence of Different Horticultural Taxa of Ivy (Hederaspp., Araliaceae) in Invading Populations." Biological Invasions 8(2): 149-157.

4.01

(1) No spines, thorns, burrs

(1) Staples, G. W., Herbst, D.R. (2005). A Tropical Garden Flora Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian Islands and Other Tropical Places. Honolulu, Bishop Museum Press.

4.02

No evidence

4.03

No evidence

4.04

Unknown

4.05

No evidence

4.06

No evidence

4.07

(1) Handling plant may cause skin irritation or allergies. (2) Berries are poisonous to humans.

(1) http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/54954/ [Accessed 2008 Nov 26]. (2) http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Hedera [Accessed 2008 Nov 26].

4.08

Unknown

4.09

(1) Prefers some shade (2)Suitable for planting in full shade.

(1) http://www.groundcover.com/info/ivy.html#Hedera_a [Accessed 2008 Nov 26]. (2)http://www.findmeplants.co.uk/plant-hedera-algeriensis-0079.aspx

4.10

(1) Soil pH 6.1-8.5. (2) Thrives on alkaline soil.

(1) http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/54954/ [Accessed 2008 Nov 26]. (2) Staples, G. W., Herbst, D.R. (2005). A Tropical Garden Flora Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian Islands and Other Tropical Places. Honolulu, Bishop Museum Press.

4.11

(1) Liana

(1) Staples, G. W., Herbst, D.R. (2005). A Tropical Garden Flora Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian Islands and Other Tropical Places. Honolulu, Bishop Museum Press.

4.12

(1) Liana

(1) Staples, G. W., Herbst, D.R. (2005). A Tropical Garden Flora Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian Islands and Other Tropical Places. Honolulu, Bishop Museum Press.

5.01

(1) terrestrial vine

(1) Staples, G. W., Herbst, D.R. (2005). A Tropical Garden Flora Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian Islands and Other Tropical Places. Honolulu, Bishop Museum Press.

5.02

(1) Araliaceae

(1) Staples, G. W., Herbst, D.R. (2005). A Tropical Garden Flora Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian Islands and Other Tropical Places. Honolulu, Bishop Museum Press.

5.03

(1) Liana

(1) Staples, G. W., Herbst, D.R. (2005). A Tropical Garden Flora Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian Islands and Other Tropical Places. Honolulu, Bishop Museum Press.

5.04

(1) Liana

(1) Staples, G. W., Herbst, D.R. (2005). A Tropical Garden Flora Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian Islands and Other Tropical Places. Honolulu, Bishop Museum Press.

6.01

No evidence

6.02

No evidence of sterility.

6.03

Unknown

6.04

Unknown

6.05

(1) The Hedera genus is insect pollinated.

(1) http://books.google.com/books?id=qygJW0HC1AkC&pg=PT175&lpg=PT175&dq=
hedera++algeriensis+%2B+%22seed%22&source=bl&ots=gQsU-8MdAt&sig=tKHRuA6tSxOftXfT4ssD9U7vfNM&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=8&ct=result#PPT174,M1 [Accessed 2008 Dec 4].

6.06

(1) Roots as it spreads along the ground.

(1) http://www.groundcover.com/info/ivy.html#Hedera_a [Accessed 2008 Nov 26].

6.07

(1) Medium to rapid growth rate.

(1) http://www.perennialfarm.com/images/Ground_Cover.pdf [Accessed 2008 Dec 4].

7.01

Unlikely. Plants wouldn't be growing in heavily trafficked area. (1) Fruit is a berry.

(1) http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Hedera [Accessed 2008 Nov 26].

7.02

(1) H. algeriensis has been planted since the 1920's and is causing a serious problem in southern California. (2) Available from Perennial Farms.

(1) Clarke, M., S. Reichard, et al. (2006). "Prevalence of Different Horticultural Taxa of Ivy (Hedera spp., Araliaceae) in Invading Populations." Biological Invasions 8(2): 149-157. (2) http://www.perennialfarm.com/images/Ground_Cover.pdf {Accessed 2008 Dec 4].

7.03

(1) Plants sold pre-flowering.. (2) Sold as 3.5x3.5 container size.

(1) http://classygroundcovers.com/item--Hedera-algeriensis-%7B24-Pots-3-1-2-in-%7D-Algerian-Ivy-canariensis--173 [Accessed 2008 Dec 4]. (2) http://www.groundcover.com/info/ivy.html#Hedera_a [Accessed 2008 Dec 4].

7.04

(1) Fruit is a berry, important food source for birds. Seeds are dispersed by birds.

(1) http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Hedera [Accessed 2008 Nov 26].

7.05

(1) Fruit is a berry, important food source for birds. Seeds are dispersed by birds.

(1) http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Hedera [Accessed 2008 Nov 26].

7.06

(1) Fruit is a berry, important food source for birds. Seeds are dispersed by birds.

(1) http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Hedera [Accessed 2008 Nov 26].

7.07

(1) No means of external attachment.

(1) Staples, G. W., Herbst, D.R. (2005). A Tropical Garden Flora Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian Islands and Other Tropical Places. Honolulu, Bishop Museum Press.

7.08

(1) Fruit is a berry, important food source for birds. Seeds are dispersed by birds eating the berry.

(1) http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Hedera [Accessed 2008 Nov 26].

8.01

Unknown (1) Fertile branches with flowers or fruit are rarely produced in the Hawaiian climate. (2) Hedera helix is a prolific seed producer.

(1) Staples, G. W., Herbst, D.R. (2005). A Tropical Garden Flora Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian Islands and Other Tropical Places. Honolulu, Bishop Museum Press. (2) http://books.google.com/books?id=qygJW0HC1AkC&pg=PT175&lpg=PT175&dq=
hedera++algeriensis+%2B+%22seed%22&source=bl&ots=gQsU-8MdAt&sig=tKHRuA6tSxOftXfT4ssD9U7vfNM&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=8&ct=result#PPT174,M1 [Accessed 2008 Dec 4].

8.02

Unknown

8.03

Unknown

8.04

Unknown

8.05

Don't know