Rapistrum rugosum (L.) All., Brassicaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Risk assessment results:  Evaluate, score: 5 (Go to the risk assessment).

Common name(s): [more details]

English: bastard cabbage, turnipweed, wild rape, wrinkled gold-of-pleasure

French: lassène, rapistre rugueux

Spanish: citró, jaramago, ravenissa groga, tamarillas

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Annual herb. Stems weakly ribbed, bearing slightly deflexed short tapered hairs, but ± glabrous above, and below with age, (10)-20-60- (80) cm tall. Leaves serrate to dentate, petiolate, hairy with short tapered hairs. Lower leaves pinnate to pinnatifid or rarely not lobed, (2)-8-20 x (1)-2-7 cm, with a large ovate-oblong terminal lobe and (0)-1-4 pairs of oblong lateral lobes. Upper leaves ovate to linear, 2-5 x 0.5-1.5 cm. Racemes glabrous or hairy, 10-30-(40) cm long. Pedicels erect, 2-4 mm long. Sepals narrow-lanceolate. Petals pale yellow with darker veins, 6-10 mm long; limb elliptic. Silicle erect, hairy or glabrous, weakly to strongly ribbed and rugose; lower segment cylindric or barrel-shaped, 2-3-(5) mm long; upper segment ovoid to turbinate, 2-4 x 2-4-(5) mm, tapering ± abruptly above; style 2-3 mm long. Upper seed c. 2 mm long, lower c. 1 mm long"  (Webb et al., 1988; p. 440).

Habitat/ecology:  (no habitat/ecology info known by PIER)

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  Macaronesia, northern Africa, Europe, western and central Asia; widely naturalized elsewhere (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia (Pacific offshore islands) Norfolk Islands	Norfolk Island	introduced invasive	Orchard, Anthony E., ed. (1994) (p. 8) "An occasional weed". Voucher cited: G. Uhe 1207 (K)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kaua‘i Island	introduced invasive	Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy W./Wagner, Warren L. (1995) (p. 27) Voucher cited: T. Flynn & D.Lorence 2182 (BISH, PTBG, US)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia Australia (continental)	Australia (continental)		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 192)
Japan Japan	Japan	introduced	Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro (2004) (p. 183)
New Zealand New Zealand	New Zealand (country)	introduced invasive	Webb, C. J./Sykes, W. R./Garnock-Jones, P. J. (1988) (p. 440) "Coastal, waste land, railway ballast, gardens".
South America (Pacific rim) South America (Pacific rim)	Chile (Republic of)		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 192)

Control:  If you know of control methods for Rapistrum rugosum, please let us know.