Grevillea banksii R.Br., Proteaceae

Click on an image for links to BIGGER PICTURES

Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Risk assessment results:  High risk, score: 8 (Go to the risk assessment)

Common name(s): [more details]

English: Bank's grevillea, Forster's grevillea, byfield-waratah, dwarf silky-oak, kahili flower, red silky-oak, red-flower silky-oak, silky oak

French: grevillea de Banks

Hawaiian: ‘oka pua ‘ula‘ula, ha‘iku, kāhili

Habit:  tree

Description:  "A small tree, partly deciduous, with gray to reddish hairy young branches.  Leaves 4 to 8 inches long, compound, with three to seven sharply pointed leaflets, blades oval to lanceolate, broader toward base, grayish hair below, hairy to hairless above.  Flowers showy, in pairs in axils of deciduous small bracts, in straight 2- to 4-inch-long racemes; calyx tube over 1/2 inch long, red; stamens short, style 1 to 2 inches long, red;  stigma yellow.  Fruit a follicle, brown, leathery, densely hairy, 1/2 to 1 inch long, tipped with a slender curved style.  Seed flat."  (Haselwood, 1991).

Habitat/ecology:  This noxious, medium-sized, evergreen tree is similar to silky oak  [Grevillea robusta] in most features (C.W. Smith, 1985; p. 191). "Infests pastures and natural areas in mesic areas. Fruit and ovaries may cause dermatitis and pollen may trigger hay fever; foliage poisonous to horses"  (Motooka et al., 2003).

Propagation:  Wind-dispersed seed.

Native range:  Queensland, Australia; cultivated elsewhere (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Rarotonga Island	cultivated	Sykes, Bill (year unknown)
Fiji Fiji Islands	Viti Levu Island	introduced cultivated	Smith, Albert C. (1985) (pp. 751-752) Vouchers cited: DA 12350, DA 6055 Perhaps locally naturalized.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Viti Levu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1961) (voucher ID: BISH 14598) Taxon name on voucher: Grevillea banksii R.Br.
French Polynesia Society Islands	Tahiti Island	introduced cultivated	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013) Voucher cited: J. Florence 6639 (PAP) Ornementale rare.
French Polynesia Society Islands	Tahiti Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1982) (voucher ID: BISH 494028) Taxon name on voucher: Grevillea banksii R.Br.
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1086) Voucher cited: Rock s. n. (BISH)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kaho‘olawe Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1086)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kaua‘i Island	introduced	Wester, Lyndon (1992) (p. 147)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1086)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Moloka‘i Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1086)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Ni‘ihau Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1086)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1086)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia Australia (continental)	Queensland	native	Australian Biological Resources Study (2013)
China China	Hong Kong	introduced cultivated	Wu, Te-lin (2001) (p. 157) Ornamental.
Singapore Singapore	Singapore (Republic of)	introduced cultivated	Chong, Kwek Yan/Tan, Hugh T. W./Corlett, Richard T. (2009) (p. 46) Cultivated only

Indian Ocean
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
La Réunion (France) La Réunion Island	La Réunion Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Comité français de l'Union Internationale pour la Conservation de la Nature en France (2013) Utilisé pour la foresterie et planté comme plante ornementale.

Comments:  On the State of Hawai‘i noxious weed list.

Control: 

Chemical: "Susceptible to triclopyr ester (2.5% product in diesel) applied to frill cuts, although the oil should not be necessary if the stem is frilled. Saplings sensitive to cut surface application of glyphosate and triclopyr. Larger trees may require end-to-end notches or drilling to achieve an adequate dose" (Motooka et al., 2003).